Theories and Techniques Just in time is an inventory strategy employed to increase efficiency and decrease wastes by receiving goods only when they are needed in the production process. Toyota Production System (TPS) is a production system that provides the best quality, lowest cost, and shortest lead time by eliminating waste (Chiarini & Vagnoni, 2015). TPS comprises of two pillars, namely just in time and jidoka. Lean production is a systematic method of minimizing waste within a manufacturing system without having to sacrifice on productivity. These three concepts are related in that they are all aimed towards the reduction and elimination of waste within the production system. The three concepts are mainly employed by manufacturing companies to improve their productivity. The advantages that Nissan gained from using the just in time strategy is that the company was able to rapidly increase its production and exports. The disadvantage of just in time to Nissan is that there were no spares available for meeting any unexpected demand. The advantage of using the TPS system at Nissan is that the company could have a close supply chain control ensuring that problems are identified easily and earlier. The disadvantage of TPS is that it is costly to implement the system and requires the dismantling of the existing systems....

Lean production offered Nissan an advantage of reduced warehouse needs thus saving on space and allowing the company to add new product lines.
Sustainability

The triple bottom line measures the company's degree of social responsibility, its environmental impact, and its economic value. Social responsibility refers to the fair treatment of employees, as well as having favorable practices in the communities where the company conducts its business. This component would ensure the company is responsible for its employees and the community. Environmental responsibility ensures that a company employs sustainable practices and reduces its impact on the environment. Nissan should ensure that it has proactive recycling initiatives and manufactures vehicles that have minimal effect on the environment. Economic value refers to the company's financial bottom. Demonstrating that it is socially and environmentally responsible would give the company a positive image and people would be willing to purchase its products.

ISO 14000 comprises a series of environmental management standards that have been developed as guidelines for companies that want to systematize and improve on their environmental management efforts (Wiengarten, Pagell, & Fynes, 2013). Integrating ISO 14000 would begin with…